Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a common condition characterized by a range of symptoms in the hand and wrist, mainly caused by compression of the median nerve at the wrist.
Anatomical Background and Physiopathology
On the palmar (inner) side of the wrist, there is a narrow passage formed by small bones called carpal bones and a tight fibrous tissue called the flexor retinaculum: the carpal tunnel. The median nerve passes through this tunnel along with many tendons. Any increase in pressure inside this tunnel can put direct pressure on the median nerve, affecting its function and triggering the symptoms of CTS.
Possible Causes
Repetitive movements: Repetitive movements, especially in jobs that require constant use of the wrist (computer keyboard use, constant use of a screwdriver, etc.) can lead to increased pressure in the carpal tunnel.
Trauma or injury: A direct blow or injury to the wrist can cause the tunnel to narrow or increase the pressure inside.
Hormonal changes: In particular, pregnancy, menopause or thyroid-related hormonal changes can increase the risk of developing carpal tunnel syndrome.
Inflammatory conditions: Inflammatory diseases affecting the joint, such as rheumatoid arthritis, can swell the structures in the wrist.
Some medicines: Drugs such as diuretics, which cause fluid retention in the body, may increase the risk.
Diabetes and obesity: Both conditions can increase susceptibility to nerve compression in general.
Symptoms
Numbness, tingling or burning sensation in the thumb, index and middle finger as well as half of the ring finger.
Often the symptoms are exacerbated at night and can wake the person from sleep.
Inability to hold or drop objects due to weakness in the hand.
Sharp or throbbing pain radiating from the wrist to the hand.
Diagnosis and Evaluation
The clinical evaluation looks for numbness or tenderness in specific areas of the hand, as well as the patient's complaints. Electromyography (EMG) and nerve conduction velocity tests are used to confirm the diagnosis.
Treatment Options
Conservative approaches: Wrist splints are used at night to keep the wrist in a fixed position, anti-inflammatory drugs and physical therapy applications are considered in this category.
Steroid injections: It can be applied directly to the carpal tunnel to reduce pain and inflammation.
Surgical intervention: When there is no response to other treatment methods, ‘carpal tunnel release’, a surgical procedure to widen the carpal tunnel, can be performed.
Preventive Recommendations
Optimize wrist position using ergonomically designed equipment.
Take regular breaks when doing the same movement for a long time.
Do exercises to strengthen your wrist and hand.
Maintain hand and wrist health by maintaining general physical activity.
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome at Work
One of the challenges of working life, especially for desk workers, is the risk of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). This syndrome has become a condition that affects many people in the modern workplace. Understanding carpal tunnel syndrome and taking early prevention is critical to maintain productivity and quality of life for workers.
Causes of CTS in Business Life
Computer users, in particular, constantly repeat the same wrist and hand movements. This can lead to increased pressure in the carpal tunnel. Keeping the wrist in a fixed position for a long time during activities such as using a mouse or typing also increases the risk. Incorrectly designed keyboard, mouse or desk heights put unnecessary strain on the wrist.
Preventive Recommendations in the Workplace
Use of ergonomic equipment: Ergonomic keyboard and mouse models that will keep the wrist in the correct position should be preferred.
Regular breaks: It is useful to take short breaks every hour to rest and stretch the wrist and hand.
Awareness raising: Informing employees about CTS ensures that they are aware of early symptoms.
Physical activity: Exercises to improve overall muscle health and flexibility can help reduce the risk of CTS.
CTS is an important health problem in working life, especially for desk workers. However, with a conscious approach and ergonomic solutions, this risk can be minimized. Workplaces have a responsibility to protect the health of their employees, which not only improves their quality of life but also positively affects work productivity. Therefore, being aware of CTS and taking the necessary precautions is critical for both individuals and organizations.